Bionic Eye
Bionic eye works by stimulating retinal cells to produce neural pulses which pass through optic nerve to visual center in the brain. It works only for patients who are blind due to degenerative macular disease with damaged photoreceptors layer while the other parts of the eye such as optic nerve and nerve fiber layer of the eye act well and healthy. This system only works for people with retinitis pigmentosa, a degenerative disease, because the disease only damages the eye's photoreceptors and leaves retinal cells intact. The first bionic eye was approved in Europe ( United Kingdom, Switzerland and France ) for commercial and clinical use and it is called Argus II. It still under clinical trials in USA and needs time to be approved by FDA. The Argus II consists mainly of these parts• Small Digital CameraBuilt into a pair of glasses. It captures images in a form of light and dark pixels. These images will be sent into a video processor.• Video Processorbuilt into a hand-held unit. It converts images into electrical pulses that will be transmitted to a radio transmitter in the glasses through a cable.• Radio TransmitterBuilt in the glasses. It transmits the pulses wirelessly to a radio receiver.• Radio ReceiverIt presents around the eye and it sends pulses to the retinal implant directly through a wire.• Retinal ImplantIt consists of electrodes on a small chip measuring 1 mm by 1 mm. These electrodes will act like artificial photoreceptors. It is implanted in the epiretinal layer of the retina and near the optic disc. When the pulses reached the retinal implant, the electrodes will be excited and they will create an electrical signals which will be travel as neural signals through optic nerve to the visual center of the brain.Watch this video about Argus II Parts
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Bionic eye for glaucoma patients
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